•General Properties of
 Model Simulations
 –Domain
 •Atlantic Ocean basin,
 20S to 62N
 •Resolution: 2 degrees
 horizontal, 22 layers vertical
 –Forcing
 •Climatological annual
 cycle forcing derived from COADS
 •Driven by vector wind stress, wind speed, air temperature and humidity, precipitation, longwave and shortwave surface
 radiation
 –Model runs and
 analysis
 •25-year spinup from
 zonally-averaged climatology [p(lat)] derived from Levitus climatology
 •One-year and five-year
 analysis runs with fields archived monthly
 •Analyze year 26,
 winter (Feb.) and summer (Aug.)
 •Analyze 5-year time
 series, years 26-30
 –Minimum layer thickness in the z-coordinate domain set to 10 m for all layers